The name of a god of fire in Roman tradition. The word volcano is consequential from the surname of Vulcano, a volcanic island in the Aeolian Islands of Italy whose name in turn originates from Vulcan, The study of volcanoes is called volcanology, occasionally spelled vulcanology.
Volcanoes are usually establish where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. A mid-oceanic ridge, for case the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has examples of volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling separately; the Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates pending jointly.
By difference, volcanoes are usually not shaped anywhere two tectonic plates slide past one another. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and tapering of the Earth's coating in the interiors of plates, e.g., in the East African Rift, the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and the Rio Grande Rift in North America. This type of volcanism cascade under the sunshade of "Plate hypothesis" volcanism.
Interrupt volcanism has also been assume to be caused by layer plumes. These so-called "hotspots", for instance Hawaii, are postulated to begin from flow diapirs from the core-mantle state line, 3,000 km cavernous in the ground.
A volcano is a gap, or break, in a planet's exterior or scab, which allows hot molten rock, volcanic ash and gases to flee from under the surface.
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